classical landscape paintings
Perspective
- The attempt to depict a three dimensional scene on a two dimensional surface.
- Depicting what is seen by the eye in a natural way.
- Gives depth to a drawing or painting.
- Mastered during the renaissance.
- Linear perspective allows the depiction of natural depth by reducing the size of objects in relation to a vanishing point.
- An imaginary horizon line runs through a painting, the vanishing point is the point on this line where all other imaginary perspective lines will converge.
The Avenue at Middelharnis - Meindert Hobbema
Fig.1. The avenue at middelharnis - Meindert Hobbema (1689)
- Created in 1689.
- Oil on canvas.
- 103.5 x 141 cm
- Currently in the National Gallery - London.
- Shows the village and church at Middelharnis in South Holland.
- Trees mark the distance between the background and foreground.
- High of the tree's emphasise the vastness of the sky.
- Low horizon line - image mainly of the sky.
- Sky damaged due to cleaning in the 19th century - clouds to the right the most preserved.
- Vanishing point directly in the centre of the path, below where the town sits on the horizon.
- Hobbema was the public of Ruisdael, however stopped painting for a living prior to 1660, painting one of only a few dated to when he changed profession.
The Windmill at Wijk bij Duurstede - Jacob Isaacksz van Ruisdael
Fig.2. The windmill at wijk duurstede - Jacob Isaacs van Ruisdael (1668-1670)
- Created between 1668 and 1670.
- Oil on canvas.
- 83cm × 101 cm
- Currently in Rijksmuseum - Amsterdam.
- Typical Dutch landscape.
- Horizon starts central to the image on the left hand side.
- Hilly area to the right obstructs the line.
- Gloomy image - sky brightens the image slightly where light breaks through the clouds.
- Clouds can be seen reflected in the water.
- Windmill overshadows castle below, rises high towards the sky.
- Gloomy/storm like weather, sails and arms of windmill suggest that it's not windy.
bibliography
Dauben, Joseph (s.d.) Early Applications of Linear Perspective. At:https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/early-renaissance1/beginners-renaissance-florence/a/early-applications-of-linear-perspective Accessed on: 19/08/2015
Encyclopaedia of fine art. (s.d) Linear Perspective in Painting. At: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/painting/linear-perspective.htm (Accessed on 20.08.15)
National Gallery. (s.d) The avenue at middelharnis - Meindert Hobbema. At: http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/meindert-hobbema-the-avenue-at-middelharnis (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Rijksmueum. (s.d) he windmill at wijk duurstede - Jacob Isaacs van Ruisdael. At: https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/SK-C-211 (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Suckale, Robert & Walther, Ingo. (2002) Masterpieces of Western Art: A History of Art in 900 Individual Studies from the Gothic to the Present Day, Part 1. [online] At: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=O7YSKD3scdcC&dq=perspective+points+of+The+Avenue+at+Middelharnis&source=gbs_navlinks_s (Accessed on 19.08.15)
Webexhibits.org (s.d.) The arrow in the eye. At:http://www.webexhibits.org/arrowintheeye/arrow5.html (Accessed on: 19.08.15)
Encyclopaedia of fine art. (s.d) Linear Perspective in Painting. At: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/painting/linear-perspective.htm (Accessed on 20.08.15)
National Gallery. (s.d) The avenue at middelharnis - Meindert Hobbema. At: http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/meindert-hobbema-the-avenue-at-middelharnis (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Rijksmueum. (s.d) he windmill at wijk duurstede - Jacob Isaacs van Ruisdael. At: https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/SK-C-211 (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Suckale, Robert & Walther, Ingo. (2002) Masterpieces of Western Art: A History of Art in 900 Individual Studies from the Gothic to the Present Day, Part 1. [online] At: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=O7YSKD3scdcC&dq=perspective+points+of+The+Avenue+at+Middelharnis&source=gbs_navlinks_s (Accessed on 19.08.15)
Webexhibits.org (s.d.) The arrow in the eye. At:http://www.webexhibits.org/arrowintheeye/arrow5.html (Accessed on: 19.08.15)
images
Fig.1. The avenue at middelharnis - Meindert Hobbema (1689) [Painting] At:http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/meindert-hobbema-the-avenue-at-middelharnis (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Fig.2. The windmill at wijk duurstede - Jacob Isaacs van Ruisdael (1668-1670) [Painting] At: https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/SK-C-211 (Accessed on 20.08.15)
Fig.2. The windmill at wijk duurstede - Jacob Isaacs van Ruisdael (1668-1670) [Painting] At: https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/SK-C-211 (Accessed on 20.08.15)